Courses

Courses taught at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Models of Quality of Life and of Distributive Justice

MODELS OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND OF DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE: FACETED ACTION SYSTEM APPROACH

Course Description
Central issues in economics and social policy, such as quality of life and distributive justice, suffer from ambiguities that make it difficult to define and measure them. The aim of this course is to examine how can such issues be investigated and discussed in a fruitful manner. Following a brief review of main approaches to the study of the two topics of this course, quality of life and distributive justice, we demonstrate how the faceted action system theoretical approach permits their comprehensive definition and measurement as well as facilitates their improved discourse and research. Examples are given of urban renewal, decision making, the just allocation of educational resources and more.


Bibliography

Benish-Weisman, M. & Shye, S. (2011). Life quality of Russian immigrants to Israel: patterns of success and of unsuccess. Social Indicators Research 101(3), 461-479.

Calcalist– Business & finance daily (2011). Tent protestors worried about future. http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4113972,00.html
Dworkin, R. (1986). Law's Empire. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Edgeworth, F.Y. (1881). Mathematical Phychics. London: Kegan Paul.
Harsanyi, J.C. (1976). Essays on Ethics, social Behavior, and Scientific Explanation. Dordrecht: Reidel.
Joelson, A. et al. (1982). Life Quality and Community Environmental Development in Or-Yehuda. Jerusalem: The Israel Institute of Applied Social Research.

Kedar Y. And Shye, S. (2013). Party-Voters Congruence in Israel Regarding Views about Distributive Justice. Proceedings of the 14th Facet Theory Conference, Recife, Brazil August 2013. Kedar, Y. & Shye, S. (2015). The measurement of distributive justice attitudes: Multiple scaling by POSAC. Proceedings of the 15th International Facet Theory Conference, NY, August, 2015, pp 96-105. https://fordham.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=http://www.google.co.il/url? sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0ahUKEwixwIKoqarZAhWKfFAKHUx_BBQQFggsMAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffordham.bepress.com%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1012%26context%3Dftc&usg=AOvVaw0j0bvE4h3RldPKEbtXuXzp&httpsredir=1&article=1012&context=ftc

 

Laumann, E. O. and Pappi, F. U. (1976). Networks for Collective Action: A Perspective on Community Influence Systems. New York: Academic Press.
Miller, D. (1976). Social Justice. Oxford: Clarendon.
Miller, J. G. (1978). Living Systems. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Parsons, T. (1953). A revised analytic approach to the theory of social stratification. In R. Bendix and S. M. Lipset (Eds.) Class, Status and Power: A Reader in Social Stratification. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
Rawls J. (1971). A Theory of Justiceֹ. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Rescher (1966). Distributive Justice. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
Sen, A. (1992). Inequality Reexamined. Boston: Harvard University Press.

Shye, S. (1989). The Systemic Life Quality Model: A Basis for Urban Renewal Evaluation. Social Indicators Research, 21, pp. 343-378.
Shye, S. (1999). Facet Theory. Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, Update, Vol. 3. New York: Wiley, 231-239.

Shye, S. (2010). The Motivation to Volunteer: A Systemic Quality of Life Theory. Social Indicators Research,  98, No. 2. pp. 183-200, doi:10.1007/s11205-009-9545-3
Shye, S. (2014). Faceted Action System Theory (FAST). In A. Michalos (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life Research. New York: Springer.
Shye, S. (2014). Faceted Smallest Space Analysis (FSSA). In A. Michalos (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life Research. New York: Springer.
Shye, S. (2014). Systemic Quality of Life Model (SQOL). In A. Michalos (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life Research. New York: Springer.
Shye, S. and Mevorach-Levy, O. (1995). Facets of Distributive Justice. Jerusalem: The Louis Guttman Israel Institute of Applied Social Research.
Smart, J.J.C. (1978). Distributive justice and utilitarianism. In J. Arthur and W.H. Shaw (Eds.) Justice and Economic Distribution. Englewood Cliff, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
Taillefer, M. C., Dupuis, G. Roberge, M. A. & Le May, S. (2003). Health-related quality of life models: Systematic review of the literature. Social Indicators Research, 64, 293-323.
Veerman, P.E. (1992). The Rights of the Child and the Changing Image of Childhood. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff. (International Studies in Human Rights Series).
Yaari, M. and Bar-Hillel, M. (1984), On dividing justly. Social Choice and Welfare, 1, 1-24.

Click here for an extended bibliography in the field of Systemic Quality of Life

Scaling Models

SCALING MODELS FOR REPRESENTING AND MEASURING MULTIDIMENSIONAL CONCEPTS

Course Description
Complex behavioral systems may be modeled by multiple scaling and lattice space analysis. Such models have been applied in intelligence research, inductive ability, knowledge systems, marketing, motivation research, quality of life research, among other domains. In this research seminar nonmetric procedures (incl. Faceted SSA, POSAC/LSA) for organizing and analyzing data are presented. Theory construction and structural hypothesis testing are demonstrated in uncontrolled experiments, where (as e.g. in clinical research) there are no "independent variables". Students are guided in planning and carrying out an original application of the models in a topic of their choice. The seminar is open to M.A. and PhD students and is limited to ten participants.

 

Bibliography

Borg, I. & Shye, S. (1995). Facet Theory: Form and Content. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage.

Shye, S. (1985). Nonmetric multivariate models for behavioral action systems. In D. Canter (Ed.) Facet Theory: Approaches to Social Research (97-148). New York: Springer.

Shye, S. (1985). Multiple Scaling: The Theory and Application of Partial Order Scalogram Analysis. Amsterdam: North-Holland. Reviews of the book

Shye, S. & Elizur, D. (1994). Introduction to Facet Theory: Content Design and Intrinsic Data Analysis in Behavioral Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Shye, S. (1998).  Modern facet theory: content design and measurement in behavioral research. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 14, (2), 160-171.

Shye, S. (1999). Facet Theory. Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, Update, Vol. 3. New York: Wiley, 231-239.

 

Facet Theory

FACET THEORY AND DATA ANALYSIS

Course Description
Facet Theory is an approach to theory construction and measurement in behavioral sciences that integrates formal content design with data analysis. The purpose of the course is to acquaint students with concepts, tools and methods for conducting and evaluating scientific research in behavioral domains, characterized by interaction among many variables. Topics include: formal design of research contents and empirical observations by mapping sentences and the use of faceted smallest space analysis for discovering the structure of social and behavioral concepts. Examples are presented and studied from attitude research, intelligence research, perception, achievement motivation, economic and organizational behavior, and other fields.

Bibliography

* Shye, S. & Elizur, D. (1994). Introduction to Facet Theory: Content Design and Intrinsic Data Analysis in Behavioral Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Shye, S. (1998). Modern Facet Theory: Content design and measurement in behavioral research. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 14 (2), 160-171.

Shye, S. (1999). Facet Theory. Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, Update, Vol. 3. New York: Wiley, 231-239.

Shye, S. (1985). Multiple Scaling: The Theory and Application of Partial Order Scalogram Analysis. Amsterdam: North-Holland.

Borg, I. & Shye, S. (1995). Facet Theory: Form and Content. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage.

Levy, S. (Ed.) (1994). Louis Guttman on Theory and Methodology: Selected Writings. Aldershot: Dartmouth.

Shye, S. (1978). Achievement Motive: A Faceted Definition and Structural Analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 13(3).

Shye, S. (1985). Nonmetric multivariate models for behavioral action systems. In D. Canter (ed.) Facet Theory: Approaches to Social Research (pp 97-148). New York: Springer.

Shye, S. (1988). Inductive and Deductive Reasoning: A Structural Reanalysis of Ability Tests. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73, 308-311.

Shye, S., Yanai, J. & Pick, C.G. (1994). Directional consistency: determinant of learned maze performance of five mice strains. Behavioral Processes, 32, 117-132.

Multiple Scaling

MULTIPLE SCALING: MULTIDIMENSIONAL MEASUREMENT IN BEHAVIORAL SYSTEMS

 

Course Description
The structure of a behavioral system may be such that its measurement requires more than a single scale for its meaningful measurement. This course systematically presents the logical foundations of multiple scaling by partial order scalogram analysis by coordinates (POSAC) and its application to diverse fields such as artificial intelligence, neurobiology, attitude research and other behavioral domains. The possibilities of multiple scaling configurations to model behavioral processes are also discussed.

 

Bibliography

*Shye, S. (1985). Multiple Scaling: The Theory and Application of Partial Order Scalogram Analysis. Amsterdam: North-Holland. Reviews 

Shye, S. (2014). Multiple Scaling. In Michalos AC (Ed.). Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research (pp. 4210-4215). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer.

Shye, S. & Elizur, D. (1994). Introduction to Facet Theory: Content Design and Intrinsic Data Analysis in Behavioral Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Kedar, Y. & Shye, S. (2015).  The measurement of distributive justice attitudes: Multiple Scaling by POSAC. Proceedings of the 15th International Facet Theory Conference, (pp. 96-105). New York, August 2015.  Link to proceedings: https://fordham.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1012&context=ftc

Shye, S. (2009). Partial order Scalogram analysis by coordinates (POSAC) as a facet theory measurement procedure: How to do POSAC in four simple steps. In A. Cohen (Ed.), Facet theory and scaling: In search for structure in behavioral and social sciences (295-310). ISBN 978-965-7473-00-9.

Russett, B. & Shye, S. (1993). Aggressiveness, involvement and commitment in foreign policy attitudes: Multiple scaling. In Caldwell D. and McKeown T. (Eds.) Diplomacy, Force and Leadership: Essays in honor of Alexander E. George. Boulder: Westview.

Shye, S., Canter, D. & Shalev, K. (2001). Serial rapist crime scene behavior: Multiple scaling by POSAC/LSA. In D. Elizur (Ed.) Facet Theory: Integrating Theory Construction with Data Analysis. Prague: Matfyzpress.

Borg, I. & Shye, S. (1995). Facet Theory: Form and Content. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage.

Guttman, L. (1971). Measurement as structural theory. Psychometrika, 36, 329-347

Shye, S. (1985). Nonmetric multivariate models for behavioral action systems. In D. Canter (Ed.) Facet Theory: Approaches to Social Research (97-148). New York: Springer.

Shye, S. & Amar, R. (1985). Partial Order Scalogram Analysis by Base Coordinates and Lattice Mapping of the Items by their Scalogram Roles. In D. Canter (Ed.) Facet Theory: Approaches to Social Research, New York: Springer.

Shye, S. (1998).  Modern facet theory: content design and measurement in behavioral research. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 14, (2), 160-171.

Shye, S. Facet Theory. Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, Update, Vol. 3. New York: Wiley, 1999, 231-239.

Wilkinson, L., Shye, S. Amar, R Guttman, L. (1997). Partial Order Scalogram Analysis with Coordinates. Systat 7.0: New Statistics. Chicago: SPSS Inc

 

Distributive Justice

DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE: CONCEPTIONS AND APPLICATIONS

Course Description
The problem of justly dividing a given amount of resources among contending individuals or groups raises both theoretical and practical questions in many fields: economics, philosophy, psychology, law and social sciences. In this course we examine principles and conceptions of distributive justice: equality as an initial general guideline, relative equality and recipient characteristics that justify unequal distributions, the utilitarian approach, and the roles of the law, of social policy and of corrective action. The role of subjective justice-evaluations and of the utility function in the various approaches, are discussed. Finally, a systemic theory for distributive justice is presented that combines the main approaches within a single unified framework, to form a basis for an economic decision making model.

Bibliography

Aristotle. Nichomachean Ethics. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

Arrow, K.J. (1973). Some ordinalist-utilitarian notes on Rawls's theory of justice. Journal of Philosophy, 70: 245-263.

Dworkin, R. (1986). Law's Empire. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

Edgeworth, F.Y. (1881). Mathematical Phychics. London: Kegan Paul.

Harsanyi, J.C. (1976). Essays on Ethics, Social Behavior and Scientific Explanation. Dordrecht: Reidel.

Kedar, Y. & Shye, S. (2015). The measurement of distributive justice attitudes: Multiple scaling by POSAC. Proceedings of the 15th International Facet Theory Conference, NY, August, 2015, pp 96-105. https://fordham.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=http://www.google.co.il/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0ahUKEwixwIKoqarZAhWKfFAKHUx_BBQQFggsMAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffordham.bepress.com%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1012%26context%3Dftc&usg=AOvVaw0j0bvE4h3RldPKEbtXuXzp&httpsredir=1&article=1012&context=ftc

Kolm, S.C. (1996). Modern Theories of Justice. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press.

Mill, J.S. (1863). Utilitarianism (1 ed.). London: Parker, Son & Bourn, West Strand. Retrieved 6 June 2015.  via Google Books

Miller, D. (1976). Social Justice. Oxford: Clarendon.

Rescher, N. (1966). Distributive Justice. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.

Rawls, J. (1971). A Theory of justice. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

Sen, A. (1992). Inequality reexamined. Oxford: Clarendon.

Shye, S. (1999). Distributive Justice: A Systemic Theory. Jerusalem: The Van Leer Jerusalem Institute.

Shye, S. & Mevorach-Levy, O. Faceted action system theory of distributive justice: the case of educational resources. In J.J. Hox, G.J. Mellenbergh & P.G. Swanborn (Eds.) Facet Theory: Analysis and Design. Zeist, Holland: ZETOS, 1995, pp. 239-248

Sidgewick, H. (1907). The Methods of Ethics. London: Macmillan.

Smart, J.J.C. (1978). Distributive justice and utilitarianism. In J. Arthur and W.H. Shaw (eds.) Justice and Economic Distribution. Englewood Cliff: N.J.: Prentice-Hall.

Walzer, M. (1983). Spheres of Justice. New York: Basic Books.

Yaari, M. and Bar-Hillel, M. (1984). On dividing justly. Social Choice and Welfare, 1, 1-24.

Young, H.P. (1994). Equity in Theory and Practice. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Quality of Life


THE QUALITY OF HUMAN LIFE: THE CONCEPT AND ITS MEASUREMENT

Course Description
Human quality of life represents a desirable state and is often regarded as the decisive test for local intervention as well as global social policy. An effective use of the concept of quality of life requires both its clear conceptualization and procedures for its assessment in varying circumstances. In this course we examine various approaches to quality of life research: the social indicators approach based on objective data; Dalkey's "grass-root" approach; the experiential approaches based on subjective reports, among others approaches. Then we focus on the systemic approach that defines quality of life as the effective functioning in the personality, the physical, the social and the cultural systems. The systemic approach and its application are illustrated by studies from the fields of urban renewal, rehabilitation institutions, national projects evaluation, the chronically ill, as well as the measurement of quality of life in the population at large.


Bibliography

*Shye, S. (1989) The systemic quality of life model: A basis for urban renewal evaluation. Social Indicators Research 21, 343-378.

Shye, S. (2010). The Motivation to Volunteer: A Systemic Quality of Life Theory. Social Indicators Research, 98, No. 2. pp. 183-200, doi:10.1007/s11205-009-9545-3

Shye, S. (2014). Faceted Action System Theory (FAST). In A. Michalos (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life Research. New York: Springer.

Shye, S. (2014). Systemic Quality of Life Model (SQOL). In A. Michalos (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life Research. New York: Springer.

Campbell, A., Converse, P., and Rogers, W. (1976). The Quality of American Life. New York: Russell Sage.

Dalkey, N. (1972). Studies in the Quality of Life. Santa Monica: The Rand Corporation; Lexington: Health & Co.

Davidson-Arad, B., Wozner, Y. (2001). The least detrimental alternative: Deciding whether to remove children at risk from their homes. International Social Work, 44(2); 229-239.

Davidson-Arad, B., Wozner, Y. (2001). The use of the Shye's Systemic Quality Life model in the examination of child protection officers decision. Social Indicators Research, 56, 1-20.

Shye, S. (1982). Compiling expert opinions on the impact on environmental quality of a nuclear power plant: An application of a systemic life quality model. International Review of Applied Psychology, 31, 285-302.

Shye, S. (1988). Life Quality and environmental conditions in a distress neighborhood: evaluation by the systemic quality of life model. Megamot, 31, 439-449.

Shye, S. (1998). The systemic life quality model: a comparative analysis of concepts and scales. Megamot, 39, (1-2) 149-169. (Hebrew with abstract in English.)

Veerman, P.E. (1992). The Rights of the Child and the Changing Image of Childhood. Dordrecht, Holland: Martinus Nijhoff.

Wolins, M., Wozner, Y. & Shye, S. (1980). Rejuvenating the asylum: A field study. Social Work Research and Abstracts 16, 17-25.

Wozner, Y. (1982). Assessing the quality of internat life. Human Relations, vol. 35 (11), 1059-1072.

Click here for an extended bibliography in the field of Systemic Quality of Life

Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling

OFFENDER PROFILING AND CRIME SCENES

 

Course Description
At the basis of offender profiling lies the observation that offenders' pattern of conduct on the crime scene are not accidental but are related to his/her general behavioral patterns and characteristics. This observation points to the possibility that profiling theories could help police investigators by reducing the list of suspected individuals and concentrating police resources on those directions of investigation with higher probability of success. Following a review of current approaches to offender profiling and the presentation of theoretical and practical works in severe crime research, including examination of relevant social and ethical issues, the course focuses on the facet approach and on Canter's investigative psychology approach to linking crime-scene profiles and offender profiles. Up-to-date research findings are presented involving typologies of severe crimes.


Bibliography

Ainsworth, P.B. (2001). Offender profiling and crime analysis. Portland Oregon: Willan.

Canter, D.V. (1995). Criminal shadows. London: Harper Collins.

Douglas, J.E., Burgess, A.W., Burgess, A.G. and Ressler, R.K. (1992). Crime Classification Manual. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Jackson, J.L. and Bekerian, D.A. (Eds), (1999). Offender Profiling: Theory, Research and Practice. New York: Wiley.

Shye, S. & Wresinsky, M. (2001). Offender Profiling and Crime Scenes. Research Report submitted to the Ministry of Public Security. (Including a description of Crimina computer program).

Shye, S., Canter, D. & Shalev, K. (2001). Serial rapist crime scene behavior: Multiple scaling by POSAC/LSA. In D. Elizur (ed.) Facet Theory: Integrating Theory Construction with Data Analysis. Prague: Matfyzpress.

Canter, D. & Youngs, D. (2009). Investigative psychology: Offender profiling and analysis of criminal action. Chichester, UK: Wiley.